Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.
Even with his diverse experience as an elected official at the state level, Andrew Johnson was the first president of the United States ever to be impeached, primarily because of his violent temper and unyielding stubbornness. His career started in 1828 with his collection to the city council of Greenville, Tennessee, and after two years as an alderman, he took office as mayor. His advancements followed in rapid succession when he was elected to the Tennessee state senate, then as the state governor, and later to the U.S. House of Representatives for five consecutive terms.
In 1864, Johnson ran for the office of vice-president on the Lincoln- Johnson ticket and was inaugurated in 1865. After Lincoln’s assassination six weeks into his term, Johnson found himself president at a time when southern leaders were concerned about their forced alliance with the northern states and feared retaliation for their support of the secession. Instead, however, with the diplomatic skill he had learned from Lincoln, Johnson offered full pardon to almost all Confederates on the condition that they take an oath of allegiance. He further reorganized the former Confederate states and set up legislative elections.
Congressional opposition to his peace- making policies resulted in gridlock between the House and Johnson, and the stalemate grew into an open conflict on the issue of the emancipation of slaves. While Johnson held the view that newly freed slaves lacked understanding and knowledge of civil liberties to vote intelligently, Congress overrode Johnson’s veto of the Civil Rights Bill, which awarded them citizenship and ratified the Fourteenth Amendment. In the years that followed, Congress passed bills depriving the president of the power to pardon political criminals, stripping away his status of commander-in-chief, and taking away Johnson’s right to dismiss civil and executive officers from their duties. Johnson vetoed each bill, and each veto was overridden. When Johnson dismissedvthe secretary of war, Edwin Stanton, Stanton refused to step down and was supported by the House of Representatives, which voted to impeach Johnson. At the trial, the Senate came one vote short of the two-thirds majority necessary to remove him from office. After Johnson’s term expired, he returned to his home state, but in 1875 he was elected senator and went back to Washington to take his seat.
What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Andrew Johnson’s career as a politician
B. Congressional decisions in the late 1800s
C. Andrew Johnson’s personal characteristics
D. Congressional decisions and procedures in the late 1800s
Đáp án A
Giải thích: Toàn bộ bài đọc nói về quá trình làm chính trị của Andrew Johnson, từ lúc ông còn làm lãnh đạo cấp tiểu bang đến khi làm tổng thống đến khi bị bãi miễn chức vụ.
Phương án A. Andrew Johnson’s career as a politician = sự nghiệp của Andrew Johnson như một chính trị gia, là phương án chính xác nhất
B. Congressional decisions in the late 1800s = Các quyết định của Quốc hội vào cuối những năm 1800.
Đây chỉ là thông tin đưa ra để giải thích cho sự bị bãi nhiệm của ông.
C. Andrew Johnson’s personal characteristics = Tính cách cá nhân của Andrew Johnson.
Đây chỉ là thông tin đưa ra để giải thích cho sự bị bãi nhiệm của ông.
D. Congressional decisions and procedures in the late 1800s = Các quyết định của Quốc hội và các thủ tục vào cuối những năm 1800.