Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.
Even with his diverse experience as an elected official at the state level, Andrew Johnson was the first president of the United States ever to be impeached, primarily because of his violent temper and unyielding stubbornness. His career started in 1828 with his collection to the city council of Greenville, Tennessee, and after two years as an alderman, he took office as mayor. His advancements followed in rapid succession when he was elected to the Tennessee state senate, then as the state governor, and later to the U.S. House of Representatives for five consecutive terms.
In 1864, Johnson ran for the office of vice-president on the Lincoln- Johnson ticket and was inaugurated in 1865. After Lincoln’s assassination six weeks into his term, Johnson found himself president at a time when southern leaders were concerned about their forced alliance with the northern states and feared retaliation for their support of the secession. Instead, however, with the diplomatic skill he had learned from Lincoln, Johnson offered full pardon to almost all Confederates on the condition that they take an oath of allegiance. He further reorganized the former Confederate states and set up legislative elections.
Congressional opposition to his peace- making policies resulted in gridlock between the House and Johnson, and the stalemate grew into an open conflict on the issue of the emancipation of slaves. While Johnson held the view that newly freed slaves lacked understanding and knowledge of civil liberties to vote intelligently, Congress overrode Johnson’s veto of the Civil Rights Bill, which awarded them citizenship and ratified the Fourteenth Amendment. In the years that followed, Congress passed bills depriving the president of the power to pardon political criminals, stripping away his status of commander-in-chief, and taking away Johnson’s right to dismiss civil and executive officers from their duties. Johnson vetoed each bill, and each veto was overridden. When Johnson dismissedvthe secretary of war, Edwin Stanton, Stanton refused to step down and was supported by the House of Representatives, which voted to impeach Johnson. At the trial, the Senate came one vote short of the two-thirds majority necessary to remove him from office. After Johnson’s term expired, he returned to his home state, but in 1875 he was elected senator and went back to Washington to take his seat.
According to the passage, Congress’s disapproval of Andrew Johnson’s policies was
A. directed at his civic duties
B. short-lived and groundless
C. detrimental to his presidency
D. stopped as soon as it emerged
Đáp án C
Thông tin: Congressional opposition to his peace - making policies resulted in gridlock between the House and Johnson, and the stalemate grew into an open conflict on the issue of the emancipation of slaves… In the years that followed, Congress passed bills depriving the president of the power to pardon political criminals, stripping away his status of commander-in-chief, and taking away Johnson’s right to dismiss civil and executive officers from their duties.
Dịch nghĩa: Sự phản đối của Quốc hội đối với chính sách hòa bình của ông dẫn đến sự bế tắc giữa các Viện và Johnson, và bế tắc phát triển thành một cuộc xung đột mở về vấn đề giải phóng nô lệ ... Trong những năm sau đó, Quốc hội thông qua dự luật tước quyền Tổng thống về tha thứ cho tội phạm chính trị, tước đi địa vị chỉ huy trưởng, và lấy đi quyền của Johnson để miễn nhiệm cán bộ dân sự và điều hành từ nhiệm vụ của họ.
Như vậy sự phản đối của Quốc hội gây hại lớn tới sự nghiệp của Johnson.
Phương án C. detrimental to his presidency = gây hại cho sự nghiệp tổng thống của ông, là phương án chính xác nhất.
A. directed at his civic duties = hướng vào nghĩa vụ công dân của ông
Không có thông tin như vậy trong bài.
B. short-lived and groundless = ngắn ngủi và không có căn cứ
Không có thông tin như vậy trong bài.
D. stopped as soon as it emerged = dừng lại ngay khi nó xuất hiện.
Không có thông tin như vậy trong bài.