a) \(x^2+2x+1=x^2+2\cdot x\cdot1+1^2=\left(x+1\right)^2\)
b) \(x^2-4x+4=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot2+2^2=\left(x-2\right)^2\)
c) \(x^2+6xy+9y^2=x^2+2\cdot x\cdot3y+\left(3y\right)^2=\left(x+3y\right)^2\)
d) \(z^2-z+\dfrac{1}{4}=z^2-2\cdot z\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\left(z-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\)
e) \(25x^2-10x+1=\left(5x\right)^2-2\cdot5x\cdot1+1^2=\left(5x-1\right)^2\)