\(a,y\times4+y\times6=240\\ \Rightarrow y\times\left(4+6\right)=240\\ \Rightarrow y\times10=240\\ \Rightarrow y=240:10\\ \Rightarrow y=24\)
\(b,y\times22+y\times78=4200\\ \Rightarrow y\times\left(22+78\right)=4200\\ \Rightarrow y\times100=4200\\ \Rightarrow y=4200:100\\ \Rightarrow y=42\)
\(c,y\times6-y\times2=2844\\ \Rightarrow y\times\left(6-2\right)=2844\\ \Rightarrow y\times4=2844\\ \Rightarrow y=711\)
\(d,y\times286-y\times186=21900\\ \Rightarrow y\times\left(286-186\right)=21900\\ \Rightarrow y\times100=21900\\ \Rightarrow y=21900:100\\ \Rightarrow y=219\)