\(a,\Rightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3=\dfrac{1}{27}=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^3\\ \Rightarrow x-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{3}\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{6}\\ b,\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^{2x-1}:\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^9=\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^4\\ \Rightarrow2x-1-9=4\\ \Rightarrow2x=14\Rightarrow x=7\\ c,\Rightarrow2^{x-1}+2^{x+2}=9\cdot2^5\\ \Rightarrow2^{x-1}\left(1+2^3\right)=9\cdot2^5\\ \Rightarrow2^{x-1}\cdot9=9\cdot2^5\\ \Rightarrow2^{x-1}=2^5\Rightarrow x-1=5\Rightarrow x=6\\ d,\Rightarrow\left(2x+1\right)^2=12+69=81\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=9\\2x+1=-9\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a,\dfrac{2}{3}+\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3=\dfrac{19}{27}\)
\(\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3=\dfrac{19}{27}-\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3=\dfrac{1}{27}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^3\)
\(\Rightarrow x-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(x=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(x=\dfrac{1}{5}\)