Question

Tìm các số hữu tỉ x,y,z biết :

\(x\left(x+y+z\right)=\frac{15}{2};y\left(x+y+z\right)=-\frac{5}{2};z\left(x+y+z\right)=20\)

Answer 1

Ta có:

\(x\left(x+y+z\right)=\frac{15}{2}\)

\(y\left(x+y+z\right)=\frac{-5}{2}\)

\(z\left(x+y+z\right)=20\)

=>\(x\left(x+y+z\right)+y\left(x+y+z\right)+z\left(x+y+z\right)=\frac{15}{2}+\frac{-5}{2}+20\)

                                               \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x+y+z\right)=\frac{15-5}{2}+20\)

                                                                     \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=\frac{10}{2}+20\)

                                                                     \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=5+20\)

                                                                     \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=25\)

=>x+y+z=5 hoặc x+y+x=-5

Với x+y+z=5

=>\(x.5=\frac{15}{2}\)=>\(x=\frac{15}{2}.\frac{1}{5}=\frac{3}{2}\)

   \(y.5=\frac{-5}{2}\)=>\(y=\frac{-5}{2}.\frac{1}{5}=\frac{-1}{2}\)

   \(z.5=20\)=>\(z=\frac{20}{5}=4\)

Với x+y+z=-5

=>\(x.\left(-5\right)=\frac{15}{2}\)=>\(x=\frac{15}{2}.\frac{-1}{5}=\frac{-3}{2}\)

   \(y.\left(-5\right)=\frac{-5}{2}\)=>\(y=\frac{-5}{2}.\frac{-1}{5}=\frac{1}{2}\)

   \(z.\left(-5\right)=20\)=>\(z=\frac{20}{-5}=-4\)

Vậy \(x=\frac{3}{2},y=-\frac{1}{2},z=4\);  \(x=-\frac{3}{2},y=\frac{1}{2},z=-4\)

Answer 2

Ta có:

\(x\left(x+y+z\right)+y\left(x+y+z\right)+z\left(x+y+z\right)=\frac{15}{2}+\left(-\frac{5}{2}\right)+20\)(Cộng vế với vế)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x+y+z\right)=\frac{50}{2}=25\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2=25\Leftrightarrow x+y+z=\sqrt{25}=5\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x.5=\frac{15}{2}\Rightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\\y.5=-\frac{5}{2}\Rightarrow y=-\frac{1}{2}\\z.5=20\Rightarrow z=4\end{cases}}\)

Vậy \(x=\frac{3}{2};y=-\frac{1}{2};z=4\).