\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4(mol)\\ a,2Al+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,6(mol);n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=0,2(mol)\\ b,V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44(l)\\ c,m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,6.98}{9,8\%}=600(g)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=\dfrac{0,2.342}{10,8+600-0,6.2}.100\%=11,22\%\)
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(\text{mol}\right)\)
Phương trình hóa học phản ứng
2Al + 3H2SO4 ---> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
2 : 3 : 1 : 3
0,4 0,6 0,2 0,6
mol mol mol mol
Thể tích khí H2 sinh ra là
\(V=n.22,4=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=n.M=0,2.342=68,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO4}=n.M=0,6.98=58,8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2}=n.M=0,6.2=1,2\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{m_{H_2SO_4}.100\%}{C\%}=\dfrac{58,8.100\%}{9,8\%}=600\)(g)
=> \(m_{\text{dd sau pư}}=m_{ddH_2SO_4}+m_{Al}-m_{H_2}\)
= 600 + 10,8 - 1,2 (g) = 609,6 (g)
=> \(C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}{m_{\text{dd sau pư}}}.100\%=\dfrac{68,4}{609,6}.100\%\)=11,22%