Đặt \(A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+....+2^{59}+2^{60}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(2+2^2\right)+\left(2^3+2^4\right)+.....+\left(2^{59}+2^{60}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=2\left(1+2\right)+2^3\left(1+2\right)+....+2^{59}\left(1+2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=2\cdot3+2^3\cdot3+....+2^{59}\cdot3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=3\cdot\left(2+2^3+....+2^{59}\right)\)
Vậy A chia hết cho 3 (đpcm)
*) Chứng mình A \(⋮\)3
Ta có : A= ( 21 + 22 ) + ( 23 + 24 ) + .... + ( 259 + 260)
= 2. ( 1 + 2 ) + 23 . ( 1 + 2) + ... + 259 . ( 1+ 2)
= 2 . 3 + 23 . 3 + .....+ 259 . 3
= 3. (2 + 23 + .... + 259 ) \(⋮\)3
Vậy A \(⋮\)3 => đpcm
