a + b + c = 0 => (a + b + c)2 = 0 => a2 + b2 + c2 = -2(ab + bc + ca) (1)
=> (a2 + b2 + c2)2 = 4(ab + bc + ca)2 (2) => a4 + b4 + c4 + 2a2b2 + 2b2c2 + 2c2a2 = 4(a2b2 + b2c2 + c2a2 + 2(ab2c + abc2 + a2bc)).
=> a4 + b4 + c4 = 2a4b2 + 2b2c2 + 2c2a2 + 8abc(a + b + c)
a) => a4 + b4 + c4 = 2(a4b2 + b2c2 + c2a2) (ĐPCM - a)
b) Từ (1) => 2(ab + bc + ca) = -(a2 + b2 + c2 )
=> 4(ab + bc + ca)2 = (a2 + b2 + c2 )2 = a4 + b4 + c4 + 2a2b2 + 2b2c2 + 2c2a2.
Thay từ (a) 2a2b2 + 2b2c2 + 2c2a2 = a4 + b4 + c4
=> 4(ab + bc + ca)2 = 2(a4 + b4 + c4)
Hay a4 + b4 + c4 = 2(ab + bc + ca)2 (ĐPCM - b)
c) Từ (2) (a2 + b2 + c2)2 = 4(ab + bc + ca)2 = 4(a2b2 + b2c2 + c2a2 + 2(ab2c + abc2 + a2bc)) = 4(a4b2 + b2c2 + c2a2)+ 8abc(a + b + c)
=> (a2 + b2 + c2)2 = 4(a4b2 + b2c2 + c2a2) = 2(a4 + b4 + c4) (Từ a)
Hay a4 + b4 + c4 = 1/2 * (a2 + b2 + c2)2 (ĐPCM - c).