\(3x+4y=1\Leftrightarrow y=\dfrac{1-4y}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=x^2+y^2\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{1-4y}{3}\right)^2+y^2=\dfrac{\left(4y-1\right)^2}{9}+y^2=\dfrac{16y^2-8y+1+9y^2}{9}=\dfrac{25y^2-8y+1}{9}=\dfrac{\left(5y\right)^2-2.5y.\dfrac{4}{5}+\left(\dfrac{4}{5}\right)^2+\dfrac{9}{25}}{9}=\dfrac{\left(5y-\dfrac{4}{5}\right)^2+\dfrac{9}{25}}{9}\ge\dfrac{\dfrac{9}{25}}{9}=\dfrac{1}{25}\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(A_{min}=\dfrac{1}{25}\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{4}{25}\\x=\dfrac{3}{25}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Áp dụng Bunhiacopski:
\(\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(3^2+4^2\right)\ge\left(3x+4y\right)^2=1\\ \Leftrightarrow25\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge1\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2\ge\dfrac{1}{25}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{3^2}=\dfrac{y^2}{4^2}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{3x+4y}{9+16}=\dfrac{1}{25}\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3}{25}\\y=\dfrac{4}{25}\end{matrix}\right.\)
