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Virtually any night of the year, a person can look up at the sky and see the moon. The moon is Earth’s only natural satellite. It takes slightly more than twenty-seven days for it to orbit Earth. And it does so from a little more than 380,000 kilometers away. Despite being Earth’s closest celestial neighbor, there is much about the moon that scientists do not know.
For instance, no one is exactly sure when the moon was formed. Earth is (estimated) to have been created around 4.5 billion years ago. No later than 100,000 years after that, the moon was in orbit around Earth. Yet the remains: How did the moon form? There are several theories, but astronomers have thus far failed to prove any of them correct. The most widely accepted idea is the collision theory. It states that the moon formed when an object (crashed into) Earth. According to this hypothesis, when Earth was first created, it had no satellite. But, at some point in time, an object approximately the size of Mars collided with Earth. This caused part of the planet to break off. The largest part eventually transformed into the moon. Another theory is that Earth and the moon formed at the exact same time billions of years ago. However, many astronomers discount this theory. They point out that Earth and the moon are comprised of different substances. They claim that if the two bodies were formed at the same time, then they should be composed of the same materials. Yet, as an example of their differences, the moon has less iron than Earth does. A third theory proposes that the moon formed somewhere else in the solar system. As it wandered past Earth, it was captured by Earth’s gravity and began to orbit the planet. A fourth theory declares that, when (it) first formed, Earth spun much more rapidly than it does at the present time. Due to its swift rotation, part of the crust was stripped away from the planet and cast into space. This material then formed the moon.
Each of the theories has its supporters and detractors. Thus far, however, no astronomer has been able to prove one theory while disapproving all of the others.
36.What would be the best title for the passage?
A. How Long Ago Did the Moon Form?
B. Theories on the Creation of the Moon
C. The Moon: Everything You Need to Know about It
D. The Changing Phases of the Moon
37.Which of the following statements does paragraph 1 support?
A. The moon is always visible in the night sky.
B. The moon spends no more than twenty-seven days orbiting Earth.
C. The moon’s distance from Earth changes at times.
D. No natural objects are closer to Earth than the moon.
38.The word (estimated) in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to _____.
A. presumed B. known C. determined D. thought
39.The phrase (crashed into) in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to _____.
A. passed B. hit C. interfered with D. affected
40.Which of the following is true regarding the collision theory?
A. It declares that Mars collided with Earth at one point.
B. It points out that Earth’s orbit changed a great deal.
C. It is believed by the greatest number of astronomers.
D. It states that Earth once had multiple satellites.
41.Why do many astronomers doubt that Earth and the moon formed at the same time?
A. Earth and the moon are formed of different materials.
B. The moon more likely came elsewhere in the solar system.
C. There is not enough iron in the Earth’s crust.
D. The chances of two objects forming close together are small.
42.The word it in the passage refers to _____.
A. a fourth theory B. the planet’s gravity
C. Earth D. the Solar System
Each of the theories has its supporters and detractors. Thus far, however, no astronomer has been able to prove one theory while disapproving all of the others.
