Ta có: x + y = m + n
\(\Leftrightarrow\) x = m + n - y
Thay vào S ta được:
\(S=x^2+y^2+m^2+n^2\)
\(=\left(m+n-y\right)^2+y^2+m^2+n^2\)
\(=m^2+n^2+y^2+2mn-2ny-2ym+y^2+m^2+n^2\)
\(=\left(m^2+2mn+n^2\right)+\left(n^2-2ny+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2ym+m^2\right)\)
\(=\left(m+n\right)^2+\left(n-y\right)^2+\left(y-m\right)^2\)
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