Cho tam giác nhọn ABC , AB = c, BC = a , AC = b . Trong đó b - c = \(\frac{a}{k}\)( k > 1 ). Gọi \(h_a\), \(h_b\), \(h_c\)lần lượt là các đường cao hạ từ A , B , C. CHứng minh :
a) \(\sin\widehat{A}\)= k\(\left(\sin\widehat{B}-\sin C\right)\)
b)\(\frac{1}{h_a}=k\left(\frac{1}{h_b}-\frac{1}{h_c}\right)\)
Có \(\sin\widehat{A}=\frac{h_c}{b}=\frac{h_b}{c}=\frac{h_c-h_b}{b-c}=\frac{h_b-h_c}{\frac{a}{k}}=\frac{k\left(h_b-h_c\right)}{a}\) (1)
Lại có : \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sin\widehat{B}=\frac{h_c}{a}\\\sin\widehat{C}=\frac{h_b}{a}\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(k\left(\sin\widehat{B}-\sin\widehat{C}\right)=\frac{k\left(h_c-h_b\right)}{a}\) (2)
(1) (2) ...
\(\sin\widehat{B}=\frac{h_a}{c}\)\(;\)\(\sin\widehat{C}=\frac{h_a}{b}\) (1)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\sin\widehat{B}=\frac{h_c}{a}\\\sin\widehat{C}=\frac{h_b}{a}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}h_c=\sin\widehat{B}.a\\h_b=\sin\widehat{C}.a\end{cases}}}\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(k\left(\frac{1}{h_b}-\frac{1}{h_c}\right)=\frac{k}{a}.\left(\frac{1}{\sin\widehat{C}}-\frac{1}{\sin\widehat{B}}\right)\) (2)
Thay (1) vào (2) ta được \(\frac{k}{a}.\left(\frac{1}{\sin\widehat{C}}-\frac{1}{\sin\widehat{B}}\right)=\frac{k}{a}.\left(\frac{b}{h_a}-\frac{c}{h_a}\right)=\frac{k}{a}.\frac{\frac{a}{k}}{h_a}=\frac{1}{h_a}\)
đpcm
