a: BC=căn 15^2+20^2=25cm
EC=25-5=20cm
ED//AC
=>BD/DA=BE/EC=1/4
=>BD/1=DA/4=15/5=3
=>BD=3cm; DA=12cm
EF//AB
=>FC/FA=EC/EB=4
=>FC/4=FA/1=20/5=4
=>FC=16cm; FA=4cm
b: DE=căn 5^2-3^2=4cm
=>C BDE=3+4+5=12cm
C CEF/C CAB=CE/CB=20/25=4/5
=>C CEF=4/5*(15+20+25)=4/5*60=48cm