a
Áp dụng định lý Thales ta có:
\(\frac{BP}{AB}=\frac{BM}{BC};\frac{CN}{AC}=\frac{CM}{BC}\Rightarrow\frac{PB}{AB}+\frac{CN}{AC}=\frac{BM}{BC}+\frac{CM}{BC}=1\)
b
Gọi \(S_{BPM}=a^2;S_{CMN}=b^2;S_{ABC}=S^2\)
PM//AC nên \(\Delta\)BPM ~ \(\Delta\)BAC =>\(\frac{S_{BPM}}{S_{ABC}}=\frac{a^2}{S^2}=\frac{BM^2}{BC^2}\Rightarrow\frac{BM}{BC}=\frac{a}{S}\)
MN//AB nên \(\Delta\)CMN ~ \(\Delta\)CBA => \(\frac{S_{CMN}}{S_{ABC}}=\frac{b^2}{S^2}=\frac{CM^2}{BC^2}\Rightarrow\frac{CM}{BC}=\frac{b}{S}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{S}+\frac{b}{S}=1\Rightarrow a+b=S\Rightarrow S^2=\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow S_{AMNP}=\left(a+b\right)^2-a^2-b^2=2ab\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}=\frac{S^2}{2}\) ( không đổi )
Vậy Max \(S_{AMNP}=\frac{S_{ABC}}{2}\) khi M là trung điểm của BC.