\(n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)=\frac{1}{4}n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right).4=\frac{1}{4}n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left[\left(n+3\right)-\left(n-1\right)\right]\)
\(=-\frac{1}{4}\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)+\frac{1}{4}n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)\)
\(4S=-0.1.2.3+1.2.3.4-1.2.3.4+2.3.4.5-....-\left(k-1\right)k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)+k\left(k+2\right)\left(k+2\right)\left(k+3\right)\)
\(=k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)\left(k+3\right)\)
\(4S+1=\left(k^2+3k\right)\left(k^2+3k+2\right)+1=\left(k^2+3k\right)^2+2.\left(k^2+3k\right)+1\)
\(=\left(k^2+3k+1\right)^2\)
ta có:
4s=1.2.3.(4-0)+2.3.4.(5-1)+3.4.5.(6-2)+.........+k(k+1)(k+2)((k+3)-(k-1))
4s=1.2.3.4-1.2.3.0+2.3.4.5-1.2.3.4+3.4.5.6-2.3.4.5+........+k(k+1)(k+2)(k+3)-(k-1)k(k+1)(k+2)
4s=k(k+1)(k+2)(k+3)
ta biết rằng tích 4 số tự nhiên liên tiếp khi cộng thêm 1 luôn là 1 số chính phương
=>4s+1 là 1 số chính phương
