Bài 1:
a, PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\) (1)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\) (2)
b, Giả sử: mZn = mAl = a (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=\dfrac{a}{65}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=\dfrac{a}{27}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=n_{Zn}=\dfrac{a}{65}\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=n_{Al}=\dfrac{a}{27}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(1\right)}< n_{H_2\left(2\right)}\)
Vậy: Al cho nhiều khí H2 hơn.
c, Giả sử: nH2 (1) = nH2 (2) = b (mol)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=b\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=65b\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=27b\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}>m_{Al}\)
Vậy: Khối lượng Al đã pư nhỏ hơn.
Bài 2:
PT: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
a, Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{9,8}{98}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\), ta được Fe dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe\left(pư\right)}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!