a. ĐKXĐ: \(x>0\)
\(P=\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+1}\right):\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1+x}{x+\sqrt{x}}.\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}}=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}}\)
b. Để \(P=-1\) thÌ \(\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}}=-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{x}+1=-\sqrt{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+2\sqrt{x}+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=-1\) ( vô lý )
Vậy không có x thỏa mãn ycbt
c. Ta có \(x=\dfrac{8}{\sqrt{5}-1}-\dfrac{8}{\sqrt{5}+1}=\dfrac{8\sqrt{5}+8-8\sqrt{5}+8}{5-1}=\dfrac{16}{4}=4\)
Thay x=4 vào P, ta được
\(P=\dfrac{4+\sqrt{4}+1}{\sqrt{4}}=\dfrac{4+2+1}{2}=\dfrac{7}{2}\)
d. \(P=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}}\) \(\Rightarrow P-3=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}}-3\)
\(\Rightarrow P-3=\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}}\)
Mà \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2\ge0\\\sqrt{x}>0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow P-3\ge0\Rightarrow P\ge3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-1=0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=1\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
Vậy \(P_{min}=3\) khi \(x=1\)
