a: =>(x-1)2=64
=>x-1=8 hoặc x-1=-8
=>x=9 hoặc x=-7
b: =>(x-1)(2y-3)=12
mà y là số nguyên
nên \(\left(x-1;2y-3\right)\in\left\{\left(-12;-1\right);\left(12;1\right);\left(4;3\right);\left(-4;-3\right)\right\}\)
hay \(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(-11;1\right);\left(13;2\right);\left(5;3\right);\left(-3;0\right)\right\}\)