Bài 6: So sánh phân số

Ta có : \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2};\dfrac{1}{3^2}< \dfrac{1}{2.3};\dfrac{1}{4^2}< \dfrac{1}{3.4};...;\dfrac{1}{n^2}< \dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right).n}\)

\(\Rightarrow M=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right).n}\)

\(\Rightarrow M< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{n-1}-\dfrac{1}{n}\)

\(\Rightarrow M< 1-\dfrac{1}{n}< 1\)

Vậy \(M=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}< 1\)

Để \(M< 1\), ta phải có điều kiện: \(n\in\) R*. Nếu \(n=0\) thì \(M\) không xác định.
\(M=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)
                                                 \(=1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{n-1}-\dfrac{1}{n}\)
                                                 \(=1-\dfrac{1}{n}< 1\)
Vậy \(M< 1\) với \(n\in\) R*.

Bài 6.7*

Ta có : \(\dfrac{17^{18}+1}{17^{19}+1}< 1\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{17^{18}+1}{17^{19}+1}< \dfrac{17^{18}+1+16}{17^{19}+1+16}=\dfrac{17^{18}+17}{17^{19}+17}=\dfrac{17\left(17^{17}+1\right)}{17\left(17^{18}+1\right)}=\dfrac{17^{17}+1}{17^{18}+1}=B\)

\(\)Vậy A < B

Bài 6.6*

Ta có : \(\dfrac{98^{99}+1}{98^{89}+1}>1\)

\(\Rightarrow C=\dfrac{98^{99}+1}{98^{89}+1}>\dfrac{98^{99}+1+97}{98^{89}+1+97}=\dfrac{98^{99}+98}{98^{89}+98}=\dfrac{98\left(98^{98}+1\right)}{98\left(98^{88}+1\right)}=\dfrac{98^{98}+1}{98^{88}+1}=D\)

Vậy C > D

a) \(\dfrac{2}{3}\)và\(\dfrac{3}{4}\)

Ta có :

\(\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{8}{12}\\ \dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{9}{12}\)

Ta thấy :

\(\dfrac{8}{12}< \dfrac{9}{12}\)

Vậy \(\dfrac{2}{3}< \dfrac{3}{4}\)

b) \(\dfrac{-4}{5}\)và\(\dfrac{8}{-10}\)

Ta có :

\(\dfrac{-4}{5}=\dfrac{-8}{10}\\ \dfrac{8}{-10}=\dfrac{-8}{10}\)

Ta thấy :

\(\dfrac{-8}{10}=\dfrac{-8}{10}\)

Vậy \(\dfrac{-4}{5}=\dfrac{8}{-10}\)

b: 51/59<1<513/293

c: 31/157<31/155=1/5

17/83>17/85=1/5

Do đó: 31/157<17/83

\(A=\dfrac{8^9+12}{8^9+7}=\dfrac{8^9+7+5}{8^9+7}=\dfrac{8^9+7}{8^9+7}+\dfrac{5}{8^9+7}=1+\dfrac{5}{8^9+7}\left(1\right)\)

\(B=\dfrac{8^{10}+4}{8^{10}-1}=\dfrac{8^{10}-1+5}{8^{10}-1}=\dfrac{8^{10}-1}{8^{10}-1}+\dfrac{5}{8^{10}-1}=1+\dfrac{5}{8^{10}-1}\left(2\right)\)

Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow A< B\)