we all find painting interesting because it’s a creative activity.
→ We all think painting is interesting ...
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Complete the second sentence so that is has the same meaning as the first one:
1.We all find painting interesting because it's a creative activity.
=>We all think ...
2.His hobby is colecting toy cars.
=>He colects ...
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Dịch:Some theories of the purpose of dreamsFreud believed that we dream so that we can release the deep, secret desires that we are not allowed to express in real life because of the rules of polite society. Most people know about Freudian dream analysis – a dream about a train going into a tunnel is a dream about sexual intercourse. But couldn’t it just be a dream about travelling on a train?Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can’t solve in real life. We go to slee...
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Dịch:
Some theories of the purpose of dreams
Freud believed that we dream so that we can release the deep, secret desires that we are not allowed to express in real life because of the rules of polite society. Most people know about Freudian dream analysis – a dream about a train going into a tunnel is a dream about sexual intercourse. But couldn’t it just be a dream about travelling on a train?
Another theory is that dreams allow us to solve problems that we can’t solve in real life. We go to sleep with a problem and wake up with the answer. This may be more of a way to ‘use’ our dreams than a ‘purpose’ of dreaming. If you believe that your dreams are important then analysing them may help you to focus your mind on the problem and help you to find the solution.
The modern image is that dreams are the brain’s way of cleaning up the computer’s hard disk, organizing the events of the day into folders and deleting the rubbish that it doesn’t want to keep. But we all know that very little of what we dream every night is concerned with what happened to us that day.
Another idea is that dreams are the brain’s way of practising the behaviour that we need to survive. So we dream about being chased by a monster because one day it might happen! It’s a bit like a pianist practising her scales every day even though she doesn’t need to use them at that moment.
Others believe that dreaming is the brain’s way of exercising the pathways between the brain cells. This may be an important element in why we sleep rather than why we dream. We die if we don’t sleep but we can live without dreaming. Some patients with brain injuries lose the ability to dream but don’t seem to suffer any ill-effects.
REM and dreaming
Scientists used to think that dreaming only happened during Rapid Eye Movement sleep (REM). REM sleep is essential for all mammals. We all become irritable and depressed without it. If we don’t have enough REM one night, we will compensate by having more the next. REM is generated by the brainstem – the oldest and most primitive part of the brain. So scientists used to believe that dreaming was also caused by activity in the brainstem. We now know that dreaming can happen at any time during sleep. The only difference seems to be that it’s easier to remember dreams that happen during REM.
Babies have a lot more REM activity than adults, but research shows that they dream less. The same may be true of animals. We know that they have REM activity but that doesn’t mean they dream.
It also seems that dreaming is a skill that develops as you get older, like language for example. Young children’s dreams are very different from older children’s or adult’s dreams.
New research
Modern technology has allowed scientists to map the parts of the brain that are active when we dream. The primitive brainstem is very active, but so are other important areas at the front of the brain. These are the frontal lobes that control emotion, memory, and experiences that come through the senses like hearing and vision. If these areas are injured, the person stops dreaming. On the other hand, the areas that control rational, logical thought are not active at all. This could explain why dreams are so strange. They have no logical sequence or time, which makes them very difficult to explain to other people when we wake up. Dreams combine recent events with long past events and our emotions while we are dreaming are often very strong.
Psychologists have also done studies on people who kept dream diaries for long periods of time (up to fifty years in some cases) and have found that what we dream is very much connected with how we think and behave when we are awake. So an extrovert, adventurous person will have extrovert, adventurous dreams. A shy person will be a shy person in her dreams. People who are important to us will often be in our dreams and so will things that worry us or make us happy.
So what’s the conclusion?
Well, nobody really knows. But scientists are now suggesting that dreams have absolutely no purpose at all. When we are awake we are ‘thinking’ all the time. Some of this thinking is useful and has a purpose. But we often just ‘think’ about nothing in particular while we’re waiting for the bus or walking to work. And that’s what the brain is doing when we are asleep - just thinking. Sometimes it’s interesting and sometimes it’s boring.
Doing the research for this article has made me more interested in my dreams rather than less. I might even start a dream diary! But nothing that I’ve read explains why I sometimes have an embarrassing dream about finding myself standing completely naked at a bus stop. Fortunately, this has never happened to me in real life, and it isn’t something that I think about when I’m awake. I’m told that it’s an example of a ‘universal dream’ – a dream that is common to people all over the world. Dreaming about flying is another example. So what’s the explanation? We can’t all be ‘just thinking’ about the same thing, can we?
Find the new words and translate it
Complete the second sentences 1.Is it less convenient to live in the suburbs than is the city centre.-Life is........................................................................in the city centre than is the suburbs (more)2.His neighborhood is much more polluted than my neighborhood.-His neighborhood is...................................................than mine(less)3.There are more high buildings in your city than in your city than in my city.-Your city is....................................
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Complete the second sentences
1.Is it less convenient to live in the suburbs than is the city centre.
->Life is........................................................................in the city centre than is the suburbs (more)
2.His neighborhood is much more polluted than my neighborhood.
->His neighborhood is...................................................than mine(less)
3.There are more high buildings in your city than in your city than in my city.
->Your city is..................................................than my city .(modern)
4.We have nothing to do have IN LONDON ,we have many out door activities.
->We have ...................................................life in LONDON than here (interest)
5.I like my village most because others are not as peaceful.
->My village ...................................................than amy other vilages.
1. Do you think money is more important than any other things in the world? Do you think money is…………………………………….2. We will plant more trees and the air will be fresher.If..................................................................................3. We will use fewer cars and we will reduce pollution If.............................................................................................................4. Do morning exercise regularly and you will be healthy If………………………………………………….……...
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1. Do you think money is more important than any other things in the world?
=> Do you think money is…………………………………….
2. We will plant more trees and the air will be fresher.
=>If..................................................................................
3. We will use fewer cars and we will reduce pollution
=> If.............................................................................................................
4. Do morning exercise regularly and you will be healthy
=> If………………………………………………….…………………………….
5. Let’s go swimming.
=> What about………………………………………………………………
5. Life in the city is more interesting than life in the countryside. Life in the countryside is more ___________________________________________ 6. I don’t like watching news. It’s boring ( because) - I don’t ________________________________________________________________ 7. Let’s surf the internet. How about _____________________________________________________________? 8. My future house will have 5 rooms. There _________________________________________________________________. 9. I have to...
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5. Life in the city is more interesting than life in the countryside. => Life in the countryside is more ___________________________________________ 6. I don’t like watching news. It’s boring ( because) - I don’t ________________________________________________________________ 7. Let’s surf the internet. How about _____________________________________________________________? 8. My future house will have 5 rooms. There _________________________________________________________________. 9. I have to do my homework, so I won’t watch TV tonight. Because _________________________________________________________________ 10. Nga likes badminton most. Nga’s favorite_____________________________________________________________ 11. It rained hard yesterday, but I went to school on time. Although_____________________________________________________________ 12. Nobody in my class is as intelligent as Linh. => Linh is the __________________________________________________.__
1.No mountain in Viet Nam is as high as Fansipan.Fansipan ___________________________________. (HIGHEST)2.No desert is as hot as Sahara.+Sahara ___________________________________. (HOTTEST)3.The USA is larger thanAustralia.+Australia ___________________________________. (SMALL)4.The Amazon River is longer than the Mekong River.The Mekong River ___________________________________. (SHORT)5There are few people in this area of the country.This area________________________. (CROWDED)6.It is less co...
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1.No mountain in Viet Nam is as high as Fansipan.
Fansipan ___________________________________. (HIGHEST)
2.No desert is as hot as Sahara.
+
Sahara _______________
____________________. (HOTTEST)
3.The USA is larger than
Australia.
+
Australia _____________
______________________. (SMALL)
4.The Amazon River is longer than the Mekong River.
The Mekong River ___________________________________. (SHORT)
5
There are few people in this area of the country.This area
________________________. (CROWDED)
6.
It is less convenient to live in the s
uburbs than in the city centre.
Life is ____________________ in the city cen
tre than in the suburbs. (MORE)
7
.His neighbourhood is much more polluted than my neighbourhood.
His nei
ghbourhood is ______________________ than mine. (LESS)
8
. There are more high buildings in your city than in my city.
Your city is _______________________ than my city. (MODERN)
9.
We have nothing to do here. In London, w
e have many outdoor activities.
We h
ave _____________________ life in
London than here. (INTERESTING)
10
.I like my village most because others are not as peaceful.
My village is _________________________ than any other villages. (MORE)
reorder the following words to make meaningfull sentences.1. cities/ the/ is/ Da Nang/ famous/one /of/ in/ most/ VietNam..................................................................................................2. much/ Tokyo/ cities/ is/expensive /than /more /other /in /a /the /city /world....................................................................................................3. game/ I/ didnt/ show/ watch/ was/ that/ not/ because/ interesting/ it.................................
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reorder the following words to make meaningfull sentences.
1. cities/ the/ is/ Da Nang/ famous/one /of/ in/ most/ VietNam.
.................................................................................................
2. much/ Tokyo/ cities/ is/expensive /than /more /other /in /a /the /city /world.
...................................................................................................
3. game/ I/ didn't/ show/ watch/ was/ that/ not/ because/ interesting/ it.
.....................................................................................................
4. most/ this/ is/ ever/ delicious/ the/ have/ food/ that/ I/ tasted.
.....................................................................................................
5. cheapest/ although/ it/ we/ was/ the/ buy/ carpet/ didn't/ it.
...................................................................................................
1. Tanya is older than Eric. Cliff is older than Tanya. Eric is older than Cliff. If the first two statements are true, the third statement is _______. (true/ false/ uncertain) 2. Blueberries cost more than strawberries. Blueberries cost less than raspberries. Raspberries cost more than strawberries and blueberries. If the first two statements are true, the third statement is _______. (true/ false/ uncertain) 3. All the tulips in Zoes garden are white. All the pansies in Zoes garden are yellow....
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1. Tanya is older than Eric. Cliff is older than Tanya. Eric is older than Cliff. If the first two statements are true, the third statement is _______. (true/ false/ uncertain) 2. Blueberries cost more than strawberries. Blueberries cost less than raspberries. Raspberries cost more than strawberries and blueberries. If the first two statements are true, the third statement is _______. (true/ false/ uncertain) 3. All the tulips in Zoe's garden are white. All the pansies in Zoe's garden are yellow. All the flowers in Zoe's garden are either white or yellow. If the first two statements are true, the third statement is _______. (true/ false/ uncertain) 4. The temperature on Monday was lower than on Tuesday. The temperature on Wednesday was lower than on Tuesday. The temperature on Monday was higher than on Wednesday. If the first two statements are true, the third statement is _______. (true/ false/ uncertain) 5. Three pencils cost the same as two erasers. Four erasers cost the same as one ruler. Pencils are more expensive than rulers. If the first two statements are true, the third statement is _______. (true/ false/ uncertain) 6. Apartments in the Riverdale Manor cost less than apartments in The Gaslight Commons. Apartments in the Livingston Gate cost more than apartments in The Gaslight Commons. Of the three apartment buildings, the Livingston Gate costs the most. If the first two statements are true, the third statement is _______. (true/ false/ uncertain) 7. All the offices on the 9th floor have wall-to-wall carpeting. No wall-to-wall carpeting is pink. None of the offices on the 9th floor has pink wall-to-wall carpeting. If the first two statements are true, the third statement is _______. (true/ false/ uncertain)
Tìm lỗi sai ở mỗi dòng:The Swiss eat more chocolate than any other nation. TheSwitzerland is also the country where the best chocolate is made, althoughsome people think it is Belgium. Chocolate originally came out fromSouth America and the Spanish brought it to Europe. At first, it was usedfor the drinking and was very expensive. Today chocolate is eaten allover in the world and is a multi-million dollar industry. It is one ofSwitzerland’s biggest the industries after banking. Be careful whenyo...
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Tìm lỗi sai ở mỗi dòng:
The Swiss eat more chocolate than any other nation. The
Switzerland is also the country where the best chocolate is made, although
some people think it is Belgium. Chocolate originally came out from
South America and the Spanish brought it to Europe. At first, it was used
for the drinking and was very expensive. Today chocolate is eaten all
over in the world and is a multi-million dollar industry. It is one of
Switzerland’s biggest the industries after banking. Be careful when
you eat chocolate. Some chocolate bars have more than a thousand for
calories. Chocolate also contains one of the chemicals we be produce
when we are in love!
Fill in the blank.Internet (1)........... the invention of modern and high technology science. It provides us amazing facility (2)............. searching any information from any corner of the world by anyone. We can connect more than one computer to each other using this internet in order to easily access information (3).............. any connected computer from one place. Using internet we can send any big or small message, information very quickly within seconds to anyone’s computer, mobile o...
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Fill in the blank.
Internet (1)........... the invention of modern and high technology science. It provides us amazing facility (2)............. searching any information from any corner of the world by anyone. We can connect more than one computer to each other using this internet in order to easily access information (3).............. any connected computer from one place. Using internet we can send any big or small message, information very quickly within seconds to anyone’s computer, mobile or other digital device like tablets, PC, etc. It is a vast storage of information as it has more (4)...... billions of running websites related to the domestic, business, academic, governmental, etc. We can say it is a network of networks.