a)
\(1.24^2-0.24^2\\ =\left(\dfrac{31}{25}\right)^2-\left(\dfrac{6}{25}\right)^2\\ =\left(\dfrac{31}{25}-\dfrac{6}{25}\right)\left(\dfrac{31}{25}+\dfrac{6}{25}\right)=\dfrac{37}{25}\)
b)
\(\dfrac{1}{8}-8x^3\\ =\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3-\left(2x\right)^3\\ =\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-2x\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+2x+4x^2\right)\)
c)
\(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\\ =x^2-2.x.\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\\ =\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\)
d)
\(x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{4}\\ =x^2+2.x.\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\\ =\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\)