a) Để \(\frac{7-x}{x-2}\inℤ\) thì \(\left(7-x\right)⋮\left(x-2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[-1\left(7-x\right)\right]⋮\left(x-2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[x-7\right]⋮\left(x-2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[x-2-5\right]⋮\left(x-2\right)\)
Vì \(\Leftrightarrow\left[x-2\right]⋮\left(x-2\right)\) nên \(\Leftrightarrow5⋮\left(x-2\right)\)
hay \(x-2\inƯ\left(5\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm5\right\}\)
Lập bảng:
\(x-2\) | \(1\) | \(-1\) | \(5\) | \(-5\) |
\(x\) | \(3\) | \(1\) | \(7\) | \(-3\) |
Vậy \(x\in\left\{1;\pm3;7\right\}\)
b) Để \(\frac{x+8}{3-x}\inℤ\) thì \(\left(x+8\right)⋮\left(3-x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[-1\left(x+8\right)\right]⋮\left(3-x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[8-x\right]⋮\left(3-x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[5+3-x\right]⋮\left(3-x\right)\)
Vì \(\left[3-x\right]⋮\left(3-x\right)\) nên \(5⋮\left(3-x\right)\)
Lập bảng như câu a)