Đặt \(2^4+2^7+2^n=a^2\left(a\in N\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2^4+2^7\right)+2^n=a^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2^4.\left(1+2^3\right)+2^n=a^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2^4.3^2+2^n=a^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2^2.3\right)^2+2^n=a^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow12^2+2^n=a^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2^n=a^2-12^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2^n=\left(a-12\right).\left(a+12\right)\)
Đặt \(a-12=2^q\) ( * ) ; \(a+12=2^p\) ( ** )
Giả sử p > q ; p , q \(\in\) N
Lấy ( ** ) - ( * ) vế với vế ta được : \(24=2^p-2^q\)
\(2^3.3=2^q.\left(2^{p-q}-1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2^3=2^q\\3=2^{p-q}-1\end{cases}}\) \(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}q=3\\2^2=2^{p-q}\end{cases}}\) \(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}q=3\\p-q=2\end{cases}}\) \(\hept{\begin{cases}q=3\\p=5\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow n=p+q=3+5=8\)
Vậy \(n=8\)
