a) P = x2 - 2x + 5
= x2 - 2x + 1 - 1 + 5
= ( x - 1 )2 + 4
Ta có : \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge\)\(0\)\(\forall\)\(x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+4\)\(\ge\)\(0\)\(\forall\)\(x\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> ( x - 1 )2 = 0
<=> x - 1 = 0
<=> x = 1
Vậy GTNN của P là 4 khi x = 1 .
b) M = 2x2 - 6x
= 2 ( x2 - 3x )
= \(2\left[\left(x^2-2x\frac{3}{2}+\frac{9}{4}-\frac{9}{4}\right)\right]\)
= \(2\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\frac{9}{2}\)
Ta có : \(2\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\)\(\ge\)\(0\)\(\forall\)\(x\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(2\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\frac{9}{2}\ge-\frac{9}{2}\)\(\forall\)\(x\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy GTNN của M là \(-\frac{9}{2}\)khi \(x=\frac{3}{2}\).
