a) \(\frac{x^2-16}{4x-x^2}=\frac{\left(x+4\right)\left(x-4\right)}{x\left(4-x\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+4\right)\left(x-4\right)}{-x\left(x-4\right)}=\frac{x+4}{-x}\)
b) \(\frac{x^2+4x+3}{2x+6}=\frac{x^2+3x+x+3}{2\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x\left(x+3\right)+\left(x+3\right)}{2\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)}{2\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{x+1}{2}\)
c) \(\frac{\left(2x^2+2x\right)\left(x-2\right)^2}{\left(x^3-4x\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2x\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2}{x\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2x\left(x-2\right)^2}{x\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2x\left(x-2\right)}{x\left(x+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2x^2-4x}{x^2+2x}\)
d) \(\frac{x^3-x^2y+xy^2}{x^3+y^3}\)
\(=\frac{x\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}=\frac{x}{x+y}\)
