Question

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

In our connected globalized world, the languages which dominate communications and business, Mandarin, Hindi, English, Spanish and Russian amongst others, are placing small languages spoken in remote places under increasing pressure. Fewer and fewer people speak languages such as Liki, Taushiro and Dumi as their children shift away from the language of their ancestors towards languages which promise education, success and the chance of a better life. While to many parents, this may appear a reasonable choice, giving their offspring the opportunity to achieve the sort of prosperity they see on television, the children themselves often lose touch with their roots. However, in many places the more reasonable option of bilingualism, where children learn to speak both a local and a national language, is being promoted. This gives hope that many endangered languages will survive, allowing people to combine their links to local tradition with access to wider world culture.

While individuals are free to choose if they wish to speak a minority language, national governments should be under no obligation to provide education in an economically unproductive language, especially in times of budget constraints. It is generally accepted that national languages unite and help to create wealth while minority regional languages divide. Furthermore, governments have a duty to ensure that young people can fulfil their full potential, meaning that state education must provide them with the ability to speak and work in their national language and so equip them to participate responsibly in national affairs. People whose language competence does not extend beyond the use of a regional tongue have limited prospects. This means that while many people may feel a sentimental attachment to their local language, their government’s position should be one of benign neglect, allowing people to speak the language, but not acting to prevent its eventual disappearance.

Many PhD students studying minority languages lack the resources to develop their language skills, with the result that they have to rely on interpreters and translators to communicate with speakers of the language they are studying. This has a detrimental effect on the quality of their research. At the same time, they have to struggle against the frequently expressed opinion that minority languages serve no useful purpose and should be allowed to die a natural death. Such a view fails to take into account the fact that a unique body of knowledge and culture, built up over thousands of years, is contained in a language and that language extinction and species extinction are different facets of the same process. They are part of an impending global catastrophe which is beginning to look unavoidable.

(Adapted from Complete Advanced by Guy Brook – Hart and Simon Haines)

What is the influence of the shortage of minority language resources on many PhD students mentioned in paragraph 3?

A.These students are unable to persuade people to use the language they are learning.

B.Their qualified research is unlikely to complete.

C.They will have many difficulties in understanding these languages.

D.They have to become interpreters and translators of these languages themselves.

Answer 1

Đáp án C

Ảnh hưởng của sự thiếu hụt về tư liệu ngôn ngữ thiểu số lên các nghiên cứu sinh được đề cập trong đoạn 3 là gì?

A.Những nghiên cứu sinh này không thể thuyết phục mọi người sử dụng ngôn ngữ mà họ đang học.

B.Những nghiên cứu có chất lượng có thể không hoàn thành được.

C.Họ sẽ gặp rất nhiều khó khăn trong việc thấu hiểu các ngôn ngữ này.

D.Họ phải tự mình trở thành biên dịch và thông dịch của những ngôn ngữ này.

Căn cứ vào thông tin đoạn 3:

Many PhD students studying minority languages lack the resources to develop their language skills, with the result that they have to rely on interpreters and translators to communicate with speakers of the language they are studying. (Nhiều nghiên cứu sinh đang nghiên cứu các ngôn ngữ thiểu số bị thiếu hụt  về tư liệu để phát triển các kĩ năng của họ, và kết quả là họ phải phụ thuộc vào các biên dịch và thông dịch để giao tiếp với những người nói ngôn ngữ mà họ đang học).