Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
A survey is a study, generally in the form of an interview or a questionnaire, that provides information concerning how people think and act. In the United States, the best-known surveys are the Gallup and the Harris poll. As anyone who watches the news during presidential campaigns knows, these polls have become an important part of political life in the United States.
North American are familiar with many “person on the street” interviews on local television news shows. While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are not necessarily an accurate indication of public opinion. First, they reflect the opinions of only those people who appear at a certain location. Thus, such samples can be biased in favor of commuters, middle-class shoppers, or factory workers, depending on which area the news people select. Second, television interviews tend to attract outgoing people who are willing to appear on the air, while they frighten away others who may feel intimidated by a camera. A survey must be based on a precise, representative sampling if it is to genuinely reflect a broad range of the population.
In preparing to conduct a survey, sociologists must exercise great care in the wording of questions. An effect survey question must be simple and clear enough for people to understand it. I must also be specific enough so that there are no problems in interpreting the results. Even questions that are less structured must be carefully phrased in order to elicit the type of information desired. Surveys can be indispensable sources of information, but only if the sampling is done properly and the questions are worded accurately.
There are two main forms of surveys: the interview and the questionnaire. Each of these forms of survey research has its advantages. An interviewer can obtain a high response rate because people find it more difficult to turn down a personal request for an interview than to throw away a written questionnaire. In addition, an interview can go beyond written questions and probe for a subject’s underlying feelings and reasons. However, questionnaires have the advantage of being cheaper and more consistent.
According to the passage, one advantage of live interviews over questionnaires is that live interviews
A. cost less
B. can produce more information
C. are easier to interpret
D. minimize the influence of the researcher
Đáp án B
Câu 2 – 3 - Đoạn 4: “An interviewer can obtain a high response rate because people find it more difficult to turn down a personal request for an interview than to throw away a written questionnaire. In addition, an interview can go beyond written questions and probe for a subject’s underlying feelings and reasons.”
Tạm dịch: “Một người phỏng vấn có thể có được một tỷ lệ đáp ứng cao bởi vì mọi người tìm thấy khó để mà từ chối một yêu cầu cá nhân cho một cuộc phỏng vấn hơn là vứt bỏ một câu hỏi bằng văn bản. Ngoài ra, một cuộc phỏng vấn có thể vượt qua các câu hỏi bằng văn bản và thăm dò cảm xúc và lý do cơ bản của đối tượng.”
Từ đó ta thấy rằng cuộc phỏng vấn trực tiếp sẽ có nhiều thông tin hơn vì nó bao gồm cả cảm xúc, quan điểm cá nhân. Đáp án B thích hợp