Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Very few people in the modem world obtain their food supply by hunting and gathering in the natural environment surrounding their homes. This method of harvesting from nature’s provision is the oldest known subsistence strategy and has been practised for at least the last two million years. It was, indeed, the only way to obtain food until rudimentary farming and the domestication of wild animals were introduced about 10,000 years ago.
Because hunter-gatherers have fared poorly in comparison with their agricultural cousins, their numbers have dwindled, and they have been forced to live in marginal environments, such as deserts and arctic wastelands. In higher latitudes, the shorter growing seasons have restricted the availability of plant life. Such conditions have caused a greater dependence on hunting, and on fishing along the coasts and waterways. The abundance of vegetation in the lower latitudes of the tropics, on the other hand, has provided a greater opportunity for gathering a variety of plants. In short, the environmental differences have restricted the diet and have limited possibilities for the development of subsistence societies.
Contemporary hunter-gatherers may help US understand our prehistoric ancestors. We know from the observation of modem hunter-gatherers in both Africa and Alaska that a society based on hunting and gathering must be very mobile. While the entire community camps in a central location, a smaller party harvests the food within a reasonable distance from the camp. When the food in the area has become exhausted, the community moves on to exploit another site. We also notice seasonal migration patterns evolving for most hunter-gatherers, along with a strict division of labor between the sexes. These patterns of behavior may be similar to those practised by mankind during the Paleolithic Period.
In the lower latitudes of the tropics, hunter-gatherers __________.
A. can free themselves from hunting
B. have better food gathering from nature
C. live along the coasts and waterways for fishing
D. harvest shorter seasonal crops
Đáp án B.
Keywords: lower latitudes of the tropics, hunter- gatherers.
Clue: “The abundance of vegetation in the lower latitudes of the tropics, on the other hand, has provided a greater opportunity for gathering a variety of plants”: Thảm thực vật phong phú ở vùng khí hậu ấm áp nhiệt đới, mặt khác, đã đem lại một cơ hội lớn để người dân thu thập được nhiều loại thực vật khác nhau.
Chọn đáp án B. have better food gathering from nature.
Các đáp án còn lại không đúng:
A. can free themselves from hunting: có thể giải phóng khỏi việc săn bắn.
C. live along the coasts and waterways for fishing: sống dọc bờ biển và đường thuỷ để câu cá.
D. harvest shorter seasonal crops: có những mùa vụ ngắn hơn để thu hoạch.
MEMORIZE
- abundance (n): sự giàu có, dư dật
- to live in abundance: sống dư dật
- abundance of the heart: sự dạt dào tình cảm
- abundant (adj): nhiều
- be abundant in sth: có nhiều cái gì, phong phú, dồi dào