Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Recent technological advances in manned and unmanned vehicles, along with breakthroughs in satellite technology and computer equipment, have overcome some of the limitations of divers and diving equipment for scientists doing research on the great oceans of the world. Without a vehicle, divers often became sluggish, and their mental concentration was severely limited. Because undersea pressure affects their speech organs, communication among divers has always been difficult or impossible. But today, most oceanographers avoid the use of vulnerable human divers, preferring to reduce the risk to human life and make direct observations by means of instruments that are lowered into the ocean, from samples taken from the water, or from photographs made by orbiting satellites. Direct observations of the ocean floor can be made not only by divers but also by deep-diving submarines in the water and even by the technology of sophisticated aerial photography from vantage points above the surface of more than seven miles and cruise at depths of fifteen thousand feet. In addition, radio-equipped buoys can be operated by remote control in order to transmit information back to land-based laboratories via satellite. Particularly important for ocean study are data about water temperature, currents, and weather. Satellite photographs can show the distribution of sea ice, oil slicks, and cloud formations over the ocean, Maps created from satellite pictures can represent the temperature and the color of the ocean’s surface, enabling researchers to study the ocean currents from laboratories on dry land. Furthermore, computers help oceanographers to collect, organize, and analyze data from submarines and satellites. By creating a model of the ocean’s movement and characteristics, scientists can predict the patterns and possible effects of the ocean on the environment.
Recently, many oceanographers have been relying more on satellites and computers than on research ships or even submarine vehicles because they can supply a greater range of information more quickly and more effectively. Some of humankind’s most serious problems, especially those concerning energy and food, may be solved with the help of observations made possible by this new technology.
With what topic is the passage primarily concerned?
A. Communication among drivers.
B. Technological advances in oceanography.
C. Direct observation of the ocean floor.
D. Undersea vehicles.
Đáp án B.
Key word: topic, passage.
Câu hỏi yêu cầu tìm ý chính của bài văn.
Clue: “Recent technological advances in manned and unmanned vehicles, along with breakthroughs in satellite technology and computer equipment have overcome some of the limitations of divers and diving equipment for scientists doing research on the great oceans of the world”: Những tiến bộ công nghệ gần đây trong các phương tiện dưới biển cả có người lái và không có người lái, đồng hành cùng với các đột phá trong công nghệ vệ tinh và thiết bị máy tính đã khắc phục những giới hạn của thợ lặn và các thiết bị lặn dùng bởi các nhà khoa học khi họ nghiên cứu tại những đại dương lớn trên thế giới. Câu được trích dẫn là câu đầu tiên của bài văn và nó tiết lộ cho chúng ta những thông tin cơ bản để xác định chủ đề của bài viết.
Phân tích đáp án:
A. Communication among drivers: giao tiếp giữa thợ lặn.
B. Technological advances in oceanography: công nghệ mới trong ngành hải dương học.
C. Direct observation of the ocean floor: quan sát trực tiếp đáy biển.
D. Undersea vehicles: phương tiện dưới nước.
Các đáp án A, C, D chỉ là những ý nhỏ trong bài văn. Dựa vào clue ta thấy được đáp án chính xác là B.
| MEMORIZE |
| Ocean /'əu∫ən/ (n) - oceanic (adj): liên quan đến đại dương - oceans of sth = a lot of sth - a drop in the ocean: giọt nước trong biển cả (không bõ bèn gì) - ocean floor/ bed/ bottom: đáy biển - ocean surface: bề mặt biển |