Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 39 to 45.
Long before they can actually speak, babies pay special attention to the speech they hear around them. Within the first month of their lives, babies' responses to the sound of the human voice will be different from their responses to other sorts of auditory stimuli. They will stop crying when they hear a person talking, but not if they hear a bell or the sound of a rattle. At first, the sounds that an infant notices might be only those words that receive the heaviest emphasis and that often occur at the ends of utterances. By the time they are six or seven weeks old, babies can detect the difference between syllables pronounced with rising and falling inflections. Very soon, these differences in adult stress and intonation can influence babies' emotional states and behavior. Long before they develop actual language comprehension, babies can sense when an adult is playful or angry, attempting to initiate or terminate new behavior, and so on, merely on the basis of cues such as the rate, volume, and melody of adult speech.
Adults make it as easy as they can for babies to pick up a language by exaggerating such cues. One researcher observed babies and their mothers in six diverse cultures and found that, in all six languages, the mothers used simplified syntax, short utterances and nonsense sounds, and transformed certain sounds into baby talk. Other investigators have noted that when mothers talk to babies who are only a few months old, they exaggerate the pitch, loudness, and intensity of their words. They also exaggerate their facial expressions, hold vowels longer, and emphasize certain words.
More significant for language development than their response to general intonation is observation that tiny babies can make relatively fine distinctions between speech sounds. In other words, babies enter the world with the ability to make precisely those perceptual discriminations that are necessary if they are to acquire aural language.
Babies obviously derive pleasure from sound input, too: even as young as nine months they will listen to songs or stories, although the words themselves are beyond their understanding. For babies, language is a sensory-motor delight rather than the route to prosaic meaning that it often is for adults.
The passage mentions of the following as ways adults modify their speech when talking to their babies EXCEPT _______.
A. giving all words equal emphasis
B. speaking with shorter sentences
C. speaking more loudly than normal
D. using meaningless sounds
Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu
Giải thích:
Bài viết đề cập đến tất cả các ý sau là cách mà người lớn thay đổi giọng nói khi nói chuyện với trẻ con, trừ việc___________.
A. nhấn mạnh các từ như nhau B. nói câu ngắn
C. nói to hơn bình thường D. dùng những âm thanh vô nghĩa
Thông tin: One researcher observed babies and their mothers in six diverse cultures and found that, in all six languages, the mothers used simplified syntax, short utterances and nonsense sounds, and transformed certain sounds into baby talk. Other investigators have noted that when mothers talk to babies who are only a few months old, they exaggerate the pitch, loudness, and intensity of their words. They also exaggerate their facial expressions, hold vowels longer, and emphasize certain words.
Tạm dịch: Một nhà nghiên cứu quan sát trẻ sơ sinh và các bà mẹ trong sáu nền văn hóa khác nhau và phát hiện ra rằng, trong tất cả sáu ngôn ngữ, các bà mẹ sử dụng cú pháp đơn giản, lời nói ngắn, có những âm thanh vô nghĩa, và biến một số âm thanh nào đó thành cách nói chuyện như của bé. Những nhà nghiên cứu khác đã lưu ý rằng khi mẹ nói chuyện với em bé chỉ mới vài tháng tuổi, họ phóng đại cao độ, độ to và cường độ của lời nói. Họ cũng phóng đại luôn cả nét mặt của họ, giữ nguyên âm dài hơn và nhấn mạnh một số từ.
Chọn A