Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 43.
Reading to oneself is a modern activity which was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and medieval worlds, while during the fifteenth century the term “reading” undoubtedly meant reading aloud. Only during the nineteenth century did silent reading become commonplace.
One should be wary, however, of assuming that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud was a distraction to others. Examinations of factors related to the historical development of silent reading have revealed that it became the usual mode of reading for most adults mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character.
The last century saw a steady gradual increase in literacy and thus in the number of readers. As the number of readers increases, the number of potential listeners decline and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud. As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the flourishing of reading as a private activity in such public places as libraries, railway carriages and offices, where reading aloud would cause distraction to other readers.
Towards the end of the century, there was still considerable argument over whether books should be used for information or treated respectfully and over whether the reading of materials such as newspapers was in some mentally weakening. Indeed, this argument remains with us still in education. However, whatever its virtues, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was replaced by the printed mass media on the one hand and by books and periodicals for a specialized readership on the other.
By the end of the twentieth century, students were being recommended to adopt attitudes to books and to use reading skills which were inappropriate, if not impossible, for the oral reader.
The social, cultural and technological changes in the century had greatly altered what the term “reading” implied.
Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. The decline of reading aloud was wholly due to its distracting effect
B. Reading aloud was more common in the past than it is today
C. Not all printed mass media was appropriate for reading aloud
D. The change in reading habits was partly due to the social, cultural and technological changes
Đáp án A
Thông tin: One should be wary, however, of assuming that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud was a distraction to others.
Dịch nghĩa: Người ta phải thận trọng, tuy nhiên, khi giả định rằng đọc thầm xảy đến đơn giản chỉ vì đọc to là một sự phân tâm cho người khác.
Như vậy nghĩa là sự phát triển của việc đọc thầm không phải chỉ vì đọc to thành tiếng làm những người khác bị phân tâm.
Phương án A. The decline of reading aloud was wholly due to its distracting effect = Sự suy giảm của việc đọc to là hoàn toàn do ảnh hưởng mất tập trung của nó, là phương án không đúng với thông tin trong đề bài. Do đó đây là đáp án đúng.
B. Reading aloud was more common in the past than it is today = Đọc to là phổ biến hơn trong quá khứ so với hiện nay.
“Reading to oneself is a modern activity which was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and medieval worlds” = Việc đọc sách cho mình là một hoạt động hiện đại mà hầu như không được biết đến với những học giả của thế giới cổ điển và trung cổ
C. Not all printed mass media was appropriate for reading aloud = Không phải tất cả phương tiện truyền thông đại chúng được in ấn là thích hợp cho việc đọc to.
“By the end of the twentieth century, students were being recommended to adopt attitudes to books and to use reading skills which were inappropriate, if not impossible, for the oral reader”. = Đến cuối thế kỷ XX, sinh viên đã được đề nghị áp dụng thái độ đối với sách và sử dụng các kỹ năng đọc mà không thích hợp, nếu không phải không thể, cho người đọc thành tiếng.
Nghĩa là người đọc thành tiếng không thích hợp sử dụng những kĩ năng ấy để đọc sách, hay những cuốn sách ấy vốn không phù hợp để đọc to.
D. The change in reading habits was partly due to the social, cultural and technological changes = Sự thay đổi trong thói quen đọc một phần là do những thay đổi xã hội, văn hóa và công nghệ.
“The social, cultural and technological changes in the century had greatly altered what the term “reading” implied” = Những thay đổi xã hội, văn hóa và công nghệ trong thế kỷ này đã thay đổi rất nhiều những gì thuật ngữ "đọc" ám chỉ.