Question

Read the following passage and mark the letter A. B. C. or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42.

Biological diversity has become widely recognized as a critical conservation issue only in the past two decades. The rapid destruction of the tropical rain forests, which are the ecosystems with the highest known species diversity on Earth, has awakened people to the importance and fragility of biological diversity. The high rate of species extinctions in these environments is jolting, but it is important to recognize the significance of biological diversity in all ecosystems. As the human population continues to

expand, it will negatively affect one after another of Earth’s ecosystems. In terrestrial ecosystems and in fringe marine ecosystems (such as wetlands), the most common problem is habitat destruction. In most situations, the result is irreversible. Now humans are beginning to destroy marine ecosystems through other types of activities, such as disposal and runoff of poisonous waste; in less than two centuries, by significantly reducing the variety of species on Earth, they have irrevocably redirected the course of evolution.

Certainly, there have been periods in Earth’s history when mass extinctions have occurred. The extinction of the dinosaurs was caused by some physical event, either climatic or cosmic. There have also been less dramatic extinctions, as when natural competition between species reached an extreme conclusion. Only 0.01 percent of the species that have lived on Earth have survived to the present, and it was largely chance that determined which species survived and which died out.

However, nothing has ever equaled the magnitude and speed with which the human species is altering the physical and chemical world and demolishing the environment. In fact, there is wide agreement that it is the rate of change humans are inflicting, even more than the changes themselves, that will lead to biological devastation. Life on Earth has continually been in flux as slow physical and chemical changes have occurred on Earth, but life needs time to adapt-time for migration and genetic adaptation within existing species and time for the proliferation of new genetic material and new species that may be able to survive in new environments

The author mentions all of the following is examples of the effect of humans on the world's ecosystems EXCEPT ________ 

A. the extensive damage to marine ecosystems 

B. the habitat destruction in wetlands 

C. the destruction of the tropical rainforests 

D. the introduction of new varieties of plant species 

Answer 1

Chọn D

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Tác giả đề cập đến tất cả những điều sau đây là những ví dụ về tác động của con người đối với hệ sinh thái của thế giới NGOẠI TRỪ ________.

  A. thiệt hại lớn cho hệ sinh thái biển

  B. sự hủy hoại môi trường sống ở vùng đất ngập nước

  C. sự tàn phá của rừng mưa nhiệt đới

  D. sự ra đời của các giống cây trồng mới

Thông tin: The rapid destruction of the tropical rain forests, which are the ecosystems with the highest known species diversity on Earth.

In terrestrial ecosystems and in fringe marine ecosystems (such as wetlands), the most common problem is habitat destruction

Now humans are beginning to destroy marine ecosystems through other types of activities

Tạm dịch: Sự tàn phá nhanh chóng của các khu rừng mưa nhiệt đới, nơi là những hệ sinh thái có sự đa dạng nhất các loài trên Trái Đất

Trong các hệ sinh thái trên cạn và trong các hệ sinh thái biển ven bờ (như đầm lầy), vấn đề phổ biến nhất là sự phá hủy môi trường sống.

Giờ đây, con người đang bắt đầu phá huỷ các hệ sinh thái biển thông qua các hoạt động khác như thải chất thải độc hại