Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Body postures and movements are frequently indicators of self-confidence, energy, fatigue, or status. Cognitively, gestures operate to clarify, contradict, or replace verbal messages. Gestures also serve an important function with regard to regulating the flow of conversation. For example, if a student is talking about something in front of the class, single nods of the head from the teacher will likely cause that student to continue and perhaps more elaborate. Postures as well as gestures are used to indicate attitudes, status, affective moods, approval, deception, warmth, arid other variables related to conversation interaction.
The saying “A picture is worth a thousand words” well describes the meaning of facial expressions. Facial appearance – including wrinkles, muscle tone, skin coloration, and eye color-offers enduring cues that reveal information about age, sex, race, ethnic origin, and status.
A less permanent second set of facial cues-including length of hair, hairstyle, cleanliness, and facial hair-relate to an individual’s idea of beauty. A third group of facial markers are momentary expressions that signal that cause changes in the forehead, eyebrows, eyelids, cheeks, nose, lips, and chin, such as raising the eyebrows, wrinkling the brow, curling the lip.
Some facial expressions are readily visible, while others are fleeting. Both types can positively or negatively reinforce the spoken words and convey cues concerning emotions and attitudes.
Gestures __________.
A. can do nothing with a conversation
B. can clarify the meaning of verbal messages
C. may interrupt the flow of a conversation
D. can end a conversation more quickly than usual
Chọn đáp án B
Những cử chỉ _______
A. không thể làm gì với một cuộc trò chuyện
B. có thể làm rõ ý nghĩa của thông điệp bằng lời nói
C. có thể làm gián đoạn dòng chảy của một cuộc trò chuyện
D. có thể kết thúc một cuộc trò chuyện nhanh hơn bình thường
Câu thứ 2 của đoạn đầu: Cognitively, gestures operate to clarify, contradict, or replace verbal messages. (Dựa trên kinh nghiệm, những cử chỉ hành động để làm rõ, làm mâu thuẫn, hoặc thay thế những thông điệp bằng lời nói).