Question

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions from 36 to 42.

          Although speech is the most advanced form of communication, there are many ways of communicating without using speech. Signals, signs, symbols, and gestures may be found in every known culture. The basic function of signal is to impinge upon the environment in such a way that it attracts attention, as, for example, the dots and dashes of a telegraph circuit. Coded to refer to speech, the potential for communication is very great. Less adaptable to the codification of words, signs also contain meaning in and of themselves. A stop sign or a barber pole conveys meaning quickly and conveniently. Symbols are more difficult to describe than either signals or signs because of their intricate relationship with the receiver's cultural perceptions. In some cultures, applauding in a theater provides performers with an auditory symbol of approval. Gestures such as waving and handshaking also communicate certain cultural messages.

         Although signals, signs, symbols, and gestures are very useful, they do have a major disadvantage in communication. They usually do not allow ideas to be shared without the sender being directly adjacent to the receiver. Without an exchange of ideas, interaction comes to a halt. As a result, means of communication intended to be used for long distances and extended periods must be based upon speech. To radio, television, and the telephone, one must add fax, paging systems, electronic mail, and the Internet, and no one doubts but that there are more means of communication on the horizon.

All of the following are true EXCEPT _________

A. Signal, symbols, signs and gestures are found in every culture

B. Signal, symbols, signs and gestures are very useful

C. Signal, symbols, signs and gestures also have some disadvantage.

D. Signal, symbols, signs and gestures are only used for long distance contact.

Answer 1

Đáp án D

Tất cả những điều sau là đúng NGOẠI TRỪ _______

A. Hiệu lệnh, biểu tượng, kí hiệu và cử chỉ tồn tại trong mọi nền văn hoá.

B. Hiệu lệnh, biểu tượng, kí hiệu và cử chỉ rất hữu dụng.

C. Hiệu lệnh, biểu tượng, kí hiệu và cử chỉ tồn tại nhược điểm.

D. Hiệu lệnh, biểu tượng, kí hiệu và cử chỉ chuyên dụng cho liên lạc đường dài.

Đọc bài ta thấy, hiệu lệnh, biểu tượng, kí hiệu và cử chỉ “may be found in every known culture”, “are very useful”, và “they do have a major disadvantage in communication”

Như vậy, A, B, C đều đúng.

Ngoài ra, tác giả có nói: “They usually do not allow ideas to be shared without the sender being directly adjacent to the receiver. Without an exchange of ideas, interaction comes to a halt.”

(Chúng không cho phép thông tin được trao đổi nếu người nói không đứng ngay cạnh người nghe, gây gián đoạn tương tác.) -> Do đó, những hình thức này chỉ có thể dùng cho giao tiếp cự li gần, không thể dùng cho giao tiếp với khoảng cách xa.