Question

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Culture is a word in common use with complex meanings, and is derived, like the term broadcasting, from the treatment and care of the soil and of what grows on it. It is directly related to cultivation and the adjectives cultural and cultured are part of the same verbal complex. A person of culture has identifiable attributes, among them a knowledge of and interest in the arts, literature, and music. Yet the word culture does not refer solely to such knowledge and interest nor, indeed, to education. At least from the 19th century onwards, under the influence of anthropologists and sociologists, the word culture has come to be used generally both in the singular and the plural (cultures) to refer to a whole way of life of people, including their customs, laws, conventions, and values.

Distinctions have consequently been drawn between primitive and advanced culture and cultures, between elite and popular culture, between popular and mass culture, and most recently between national and global cultures. Distinctions have been drawn too between culture and civilization; the latter is a word derived not, like culture or agriculture, from the soil, but from the city. The two words are sometimes treated as synonymous. Yet this is misleading. While civilization and barbarism are pitted against each other in what seems to be a perpetual behavioural pattern, the use of the word culture has been strongly influenced by 6 conceptions of evolution in the 19th century and of development in the 20th century. Cultures evolve or develop. They are not static. They have twists and turns. Styles change. So do fashions. There are cultural processes. What, for example, the word cultured means has changed substantially since the study of classical (that is, Greek and Roman) literature, philosophy, and history ceased in the 20th century to be central to school and university education. No single alternative focus emerged, although with computers has come electronic culture, affecting kinds of study, and most recently digital culture. As cultures express themselves in new forms not everything gets better or more civilized.

The multiplicity of meanings attached to the word made and will make it difficult to define. There is no single, unproblematic definition, although many attempts have been made to establish one. The only nonproblematic definitions go back to agricultural meaning (for example, cereal culture or strawberry culture) and medical meaning (for example, bacterial culture or penicillin culture). Since in anthropology and sociology we also acknowledge culture clashes, culture shock, and counter-culture, the range of reference is extremely wide.

It can be inferred from the passage that since the 20th century______.

A. classical literature, philosophy, and history have not been taught as core subjects 

B. classical literature, philosophy, and history have been considered as core subjects 

C. schools and universities have not taught classical literature, philosophy, and history 

D. all schools and universities have taught classical literature, philosophy, and history

Answer 1

Chọn A.

Đáp án A.

Dịch câu hỏi: Điều gì có thể được suy ra từ đoạn văn kể từ thế kỷ 20 ___.

A. văn học cổ điển, triết học và lịch sử không còn là môn học bắt buộc

B. văn học cổ điển, triết học và lịch sử đã được xem là môn chính

C. các trường phổ thông và đại học không dạy văn học cổ điển, triết học và lịch sử

D. tất cả các trường phổ thông và đại học đều dạy văn học cổ điển, triết học và lịch sử

Thông tin ở đoạn 2: “...the study of classical (that is, Greek and Roman) literature, philosophy, and history ceased in the 20th century to be central to school and university education.”

(... việc học tập văn học cổ điển, triết học và lịch sử đã không còn là chính yếu trong trong giáo dục phổ thông và đại học trong thế kỷ 20.)

=> Đáp án A.