Question

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on our answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions

In the explosion of the linguistic life cycle, it is apparent that it is much more difficult to learn a second language in adulthood than a first language in childhood. Most adults never completely master a foreign language, especially in Phonology – hence the ubiquitous foreign accent. Their development often “fossilizes” into permanent error patterns that no teaching or correction can undo. Of course, there are great individual differences, which depend on effort, attitudes, amount of exposure, quality of teaching and plain talent, but there seems to be a cap for the best adults in the best circumstances

Many explanations have been advanced for children’s superiority; they exploit Motherese (the simplified, repetitive conversation between parents and children), make errors unself-consciously, are more motivated to communicate, like to conform, are not set in their ways, and have not first language to interfere. But some of these accounts are unlikely, based on what is known about how language acquisition works. Recent evidence is calling these social and motivation explanations into doubt. Holding every other factor constant, a key factor stands out: sheer age

Systematic evidence comes from the psychologist Elissa Newport and her colleagues. They tested Korean and Chinese – born students at the University of Illinois who had spent a least ten years in the United States. The immigrants were give a list of 276 simple English sentences, half of them containing some grammatical error. The immigrants who came to the United States between the age of 3 and 7 performed identically to American – born students. Those who arrived between ages 8 and 15 did worse the latter they arrived, and those who arrived between 17 and 39 did the worst of all, and showed huge variability unrelated to their age of arrival

According to the passage, young children learn languages quickly for all of the following reasons EXCEPT __________

A. they make many mistakes 

B. they want to talk

C. their approach is flexible 

D. they frequently repeat words

Answer 1

Đáp án A

Theo đoạn văn, trẻ con học ngôn ngữ 1 cách nhanh chóng vì các lí do sau, ngoại trừ________

Đáp án A – chúng mắc nhiều lỗi

Dẫn chứng – Câu 1 - Đoạn 2: “Many explanations have been advanced for children’s superiority; they exploit Motherese (the simplified, repetitive conversation between parents and children), make errors unself-consciously, are more motivated to communicate, like to conform, are not set in their ways, ….”

Tạm dịch: Có nhiều sự giải thích đã được đưa ra cho sự ưu việt của trẻ con; chúng khai tác tiếng mẹ đẻ (sự giản đơn hóa, nhắc lại các cuộc hội thoại giữa bố mẹ và trẻ), mắc lỗi không tư ý thức, đã thúc đẩy chúng hơn để giao tiếp, thích làm theo, không được sắp đặt theo cách của chúng ………

Các đáp án khác

B – chúng muốn nói

C – các tiếp cân của chúng là linh hoạt

D – chúng thường nhắc đi nhắc lại các từ nhiều lần