Lời giải:
a.
\(5+\sqrt{3}+5\sqrt{3}+3=(5+5\sqrt{3})+(\sqrt{3}+3)\)
\(=5(1+\sqrt{3})+\sqrt{3}(1+\sqrt{3})=(1+\sqrt{3})(5+\sqrt{3})\)
b.
\(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{xy}+1=(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{xy})+(\sqrt{y}+1)\)
\(=\sqrt{x}(1+\sqrt{y})+(\sqrt{y}+1)=(\sqrt{y}+1)(\sqrt{x}+1)\)
c.
$x-4\sqrt{x}+3=(x-\sqrt{x})-(3\sqrt{x}-3)$
$=\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}-1)-3(\sqrt{x}-1)$
$=(\sqrt{x}-1)(\sqrt{x}-3)$