\(x^{16}+x^8-2\)
\(=\left(x^8-1\right)\left(x^8+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^4-1\right)\left(x^4+1\right)\left(x^8+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^4+1\right)\left(x^8+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^4+1\right)\left(x^8+2\right)\)
= (x^16 -1)+(x^8 -1)
= (x^8 -1)(x^8 +1)+ (x^8 -1)
= (x^8 -1)(x^8 +2)
= (x^4 -1)(x^4 +1)(x^8 +2)
= (x^2 -1)(x^2 +1)(x^4 +1)(x^8 +2)
= (x-1)(x+1)(x^2 +1)(x^4 +1)(x^8 +2)