\(x^4+3x^3+12x-16\)
\(=x^4+4x^3+4x^2+16x-x^3-4x^2-4x-16\)
\(=x\left(x^3+4x^2+4x+16\right)-\left(x^3+4x^2+4x+16\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3+4x^2+4x+16\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left[x^2\left(x+4\right)+4\left(x+4\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x^2+4\right)\)