Đặt nMg=a(mol); nAl=b(mol)
PTHH: Mg +2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2
a________2a_______a_____a(mol)
2 Al + 6 HCl -> 2 AlCl3 +3 H2
b_____3b____b_____1,5b(mol)
Ta có hpt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+27b=7,8\\a+1,5b=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> %mMg=[(0,1.24)/7,8].100=30,769%
=>%mAl= 69,231%
c) MgCl2 + 2 NaOH -> Mg(OH)2 + 2 NaCl
0,1_______________0,1(mol)
AlCl3 + 3 NaOH -> Al(OH)3 + 3 NaCl
0,2____________0,2(mol)
=> m=m(kết tủa)= mMg(OH)2+ mAl(OH)3= 58.0,1+ 78.0,2= 21,4(g)