ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-3\)
Ta có phương trình :
\(x^3+11=3\sqrt{x+3}\Leftrightarrow x^3+8=3\sqrt{x+3}-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)=3\left(\sqrt{x+3}-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)-3\frac{\left(\sqrt{x+3}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x+3}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x+3}+1}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)-\left(x+2\right)\frac{3}{\sqrt{x+3}+1}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+1-\frac{3}{\sqrt{x+3}+1}+3\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+2=0\\x^2-2x+1-\frac{3}{\sqrt{x+3}+1}+3=0\end{cases}}\)
+) \(x+2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-2.\)(Thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ)
+) \(x^2-2x+1-\frac{3}{\sqrt{x+3}+1}+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2=\frac{3}{\sqrt{x+3}+1}-3\)
Dễ thấy : \(\sqrt{x+3}+1\ge1\Rightarrow0< \frac{3}{\sqrt{x+3}+1}\le3\Rightarrow\frac{3}{\sqrt{x+3}+1}-3\le0\)Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=-3\)
\(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\)Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=1.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2=\frac{3}{\sqrt{x+3}+1}-3=0\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-3\\x=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow x\in\varnothing.}\)
Vậy phương trình đã cho có nghiệm duy nhất là \(x=-2\)
