a) \(x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+3\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+3x\right)\left(x^2+3x+2\right)=8\)
Đặt \(x^2+3x=u\)
Phương trình trở thành: \(u\left(u+2\right)=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow u^2+2u-8=0\Leftrightarrow\left(u-2\right)\left(u+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}u-2=0\\u+4=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}u=2\\u=-4\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2+3x=2\\x^2+3x=-4\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2+3x-2=0\\x^2+3x+4=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\pm\frac{\sqrt{17}}{2}-1\frac{1}{2}\\x\in\varnothing\end{cases}}\)
c) \(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x-7\right)\left(x-8\right)=144\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x-7\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x-8\right)=144\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-5x-14\right)\left(x^2-5x-24\right)=144\)
Đặt \(x^2-5x-14=v\)
Phương trình trở thành: \(v\left(v-10\right)=144\)
\(\Leftrightarrow v^2-10v-144=0\Leftrightarrow\left(v-18\right)\left(v+8\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}v-18=0\\v+8=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}v=18\\v=-8\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2-5x-14=18\\x^2-5x-14=-8\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\pm\frac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}+\frac{5}{2}\\x\in\left\{6;-1\right\}\end{cases}}\)
b) \(\left(4x+3\right)^2\left(x+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)=810\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x+3\right)^2\left(x+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)-810=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\left(2x-3\right)\left(16x^2+24x+89\right)=0\)
Ta có: \(16x^2+24x+89=\left(4x+3\right)^2+80>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x+3=0\\2x-3=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-3\\x=\frac{3}{2}\end{cases}}\)
