PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{3,375}{27}=0,125\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{300\cdot4,9\%}{98}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,125}{2}>\dfrac{0,15}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Al còn dư, H2SO4 p/ứ hết
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al\left(dư\right)}=0,025\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{H_2}=0,15\cdot2=0,3\left(g\right)\\m_{Al\left(dư\right)}=0,025\cdot27=0,672\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05\cdot342=17,1\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{Al}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{Al\left(dư\right)}-m_{H_2}=302,403\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{17,1}{302,403}\cdot100\%\approx5,65\%\)
