Ta có :
\(x^3\) + \(y^3\) - xy = \(-\dfrac{1}{27}\)
⇔ \(x^3\) + \(y^3\) - xy + \(\dfrac{1}{27}\) = 0
⇔ \(x^3\) + \(y^3\) + \(\dfrac{1^3}{3^3}\) - 3xy.\(\dfrac{1}{3}\) = 0
⇔ (x + y + \(\dfrac{1}{3}\))(\(x^2\) + \(y^2\) + \(\dfrac{1}{9}\) - xy - \(\dfrac{1}{3}x-\dfrac{1}{3}y\)) = 0
TH1 :
x + y + \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) = 0
⇔ x + y = - \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) (loại vì x>0 ; y>0)
TH2 :
\(x^2+y^2+\dfrac{1}{9}-xy-\dfrac{1}{3}x-\dfrac{1}{3}y=0\)\(\dfrac{1}{3}x-\dfrac{1}{3}y\)
⇔ (\(x-\dfrac{1}{3}\))\(^2\) + (\(y-\dfrac{1}{3}\))\(^2\) + (x - y)\(^2\) = 0
⇒ \(x-\dfrac{1}{3}\) = 0
\(y-\dfrac{1}{3}\) = 0
\(x-y\) = 0
⇔ x = y = \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Thay x = y = \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) vào \(\dfrac{x}{y^2}\) ta được :
\(\dfrac{1}{3}\) : \(\dfrac{1}{9}\)
= \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) . 9
= 3
\(\dfrac{1}{3}\)\(x^2+y^2+\dfrac{1}{9}-xy-\dfrac{1}{3}x-\dfrac{1}{3}y=0\)
Đặt \(f_{\left(x\right)}=ax^2+bx+c\left(a\ne0\right)\)
\(f_{\left(x\right)}=x\leftrightarrow ax^2+bx+c=x\leftrightarrow ax^2+\left(b-1\right)x+c=0\)
\(\Delta=\left(b-1\right)^2-4ac< 0\)
\(f_{\left(f_{\left(x\right)}\right)}=x\leftrightarrow a\left(ax^2+bx+c\right)^2+b\left(ax^2+bx+c\right)+c=x\)
\(\leftrightarrow\left(a^2x^2+a\left(b+1\right)x+ac+b+1\right)\left(ax^2+\left(b-1\right)x+c\right)=0\)
Do\(\left(ax^2+\left(b-1\right)x+c\right)\ne0\)
\(\leftrightarrow a^2x^2+a\left(b+1\right)x+ac+b+1=0\)
\(\Lambda=\left[a\left(b+1\right)\right]^2-4a^2\left(ac+b+1\right)=a^2\left[\left(b+1\right)^2-4\left(ac+b+1\right)\right]=a^2\left[\left(b-1\right)^2-4ac-4\right]< 0\)
-> đpcm
