a) \(m_{ddAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=200\cdot1,2=240\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{240\cdot28,5}{100}=68,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,2mol\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al^{3+}}=2n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,4mol\\n_{SO^{2-}_4}=0,6mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(n_{HCl}=0,1\cdot3=0,3mol\) \(\Rightarrow n_{Cl^-}=0,3mol\)
\(n_{HNO_3}=0,1\cdot1=0,1mol\) \(\Rightarrow n_{NO^-_3}=0,1mol\)
\(\Sigma n_{H^+}=n_{HCl}+n_{HNO_3}=0,3+0,1=0,4mol\)