a, 70 - 5 ( x - 3 ) = 45
⇔ 5 . x - 3 = 70 - 45
⇔ 5 x - 3 = 35
⇔ x - 3 = 35 : 5 ⇔ x - 3 = 7
⇔ x = 10
b, 10 + 2 x = 4 5 : 4 3
⇔ 10 + 2 x = 4 2 ⇔ 10 + 2 x = 16
⇔ 2 x = 4 ⇔ x = 2
c, 60 - 3 x - 2 = 51
⇔ 3 x - 2 = 60 - 51
⇔ 3 x - 2 = 9
⇔ x - 2 = 3 ⇔ x = 5
d, 4 x - 20 = 2 5 : 2 3
⇔ 4 x - 20 = 2 2 ⇔ 4 x - 20 = 4
⇔ 4 x = 24 ⇔ x = 6