a) \(x^2+4xy-21y^2=x^2-3xy+7xy-21y^2=x\left(x-3y\right)+7y\left(x-3y\right)\)\(=\left(x-3y\right)\left(x+7y\right)\)
b)\(5x^2+6xy+y^2\)
=\(5x^2+5xy+xy+y^2\)
=\(5x^{ }\left(x+y\right)+y\left(x+y\right)\)
=\(\left(5x+y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
c) \(x^2-7xy+10y^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-2xy\right)\left(5xy-10y^2\right)\)
\(=x\left(x-2y\right)-5y\left(x-2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-5y\right)\left(x-2y\right)\)
d)\(x^2+2xy-15y^2\)
\(=x^2+2xy+y^2-16y^2\)
\(\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(4y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-3y\right)\left(x+5y\right)\)