a/ \(x^4+16\)
\(=x^4+4x^2+16-4x^2\)
\(=\left(x^4+4x^2+16\right)-4x^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+4\right)^2-\left(2x\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+4-2x\right)\left(x^2+4+2x\right)\)
b/ \(64x^4+y^4\)
\(=64x^4+y^4+16x^2y^2-16x^2y^2\)
\(=\left(64x^4+y^4+16x^2y^2\right)-16x^2y^2\)
\(=\left(8x^2+y^2\right)^2-\left(4xy\right)^2\)
\(=\left(y^2+8x^2-4xy\right)\left(8x^2+y^2-4xy\right)\)