1/ Gọi x là hóa trị của nguyên tố cần tìm. Áp dụng quy tắc hóa trị:
a) Fe2O3 : x.2=II.3 => x=III
CuO : x.1=II.1 => x=II
N2O3 : x.2=II.3 => x=III
SO3: x.1=II.3 => x= VI
b) NH3 : x.1=I.3 => x=III
C2H2 : C hóa trị IV, H hóa trị I ( do trong hợp chất hữu cơ, hóa trị của C luôn là IV)
HBr : I.1=x.1 => x=I
H2S: I.2=x.1 => x=II
c)K2S: x.2=II.1 => x=I
MgS : x.1=II.1 => x=II
Cr2S3 : x.2=II.3 => x=III
CS2: x.1=II.2=> x=IV
d) KCl: x.1=I.1=> x=I
HCl: x.1= 1.I => x=I
BaCl2 : x.1=I.2 => x=II
AlCl3 : x.1=I.3 => x=III
e) ZnCO3 : x.2=II.1 => x=II
BaSO4 : x.1=II.1 => x=II
Li2CO3 : x.2=II.1 => x=I
Cr2(SO4)3 : x.2=II.3 => x=III
f) NaOH : x.1=1.I => x=I
Zn(OH)2 : x.1=I.2 => x=II
AgNO3 : x.1=I.1 => x=I
Al(NO3)3 : x.1=I.3 => x=III
2.a) HCl : H(I), Cl(I)
H2S: H(I), S(II)
NH3 : N(III), H(I)
H2O : H(I), O(II)
CH4: C(IV), H(I)
b) NO: N(II), O(II)
N2O: N(I), O(II)
NO2: N(IV), O(II)
N2O5: N(V), O(II)
HNO3 : H(I), NO3 (I)
Ca(NO3)2 : Ca(II), NO3 (I)
NaNO3: Na(I), NO3 (I)
Al(NO3)3: Al (III),NO3 (I)
c) CaO: Ca(II), O(II)
K2O: K(I), O(II)
MgO : Mg(II), O(II)
Na2O: Na(I), O(II)
Al2O3: Al(III), O(II)
d) SO2: S(IV) ,O(II)
SO3: S(VI), O(II)
Na2S: Na(I), S(II)
FeS: Fe(II), S(II)
Al2S3: Al(III), S(II)
H2SO4: H(I), SO4(II)
CuSO4: Cu(II), SO4(II)
Al2(SO4)3: Al(III), SO4(II)
e) P2O5: P(V), O(II)
H3PO4: H(I), PO4(III)
Na3PO4: Na(I), PO4(III)
Ca3(PO4)2: Ca(II), PO4(III)
